Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.

Binary.Com verification


If the fingerprint DOES NOT match, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the file binaryfate.Asc and go back to section 2.1.

Real forex bonuses


Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.


Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.


Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.

On linux, you can download the signed hashes file by issuing the following command:


Verify binaries on linux, mac, or windows command line (advanced)


Verification of the monero binary files should be done prior to extracting, installing, or using the monero software. This is the only way to ensure that you are using the official monero software. If you receive a fake monero binary (eg. Phishing, MITM, etc.), following this guide will protect you from being tricked into using it.


To protect the integrity of the binaries the monero team provides a cryptographically signed list of all the SHA256 hashes. If your downloaded binary has been tampered with it will be produce a different hash than the one in the file.


This is an advanced guide for linux, mac, or windows operating systems and will make use of the command line. It will walk you through the process of installing the required software, importing the signing key, downloading the necessary files, and finally verifying that your binary is authentic.


Table of contents:


1. Install gnupg


2. Verify & import signing key


3. Download & verify hash file


4. Download & verify binary


1. Installing gnupg


On windows, go to the gpg4win download page and follow the instructions for installation.


On mac, go to the gpgtools download page and follow the instructions for installation.


On linux, gnupg is installed by default.


2. Verify and import signing key


This section will cover getting the monero signing key, making sure it is correct, and importing the key to gnupg.


2.1. Get signing key


On windows or mac, go to binaryfate's GPG key, which he uses to sign the monero binaries, and save the page as binaryfate.Asc to your home directory.


On linux, you can download binaryfate's signing key by issuing the following command:


2.2. Verify signing key


On all operating systems, check the fingerprint of binaryfate.Asc by issuing the following command in a terminal:


Verify the fingerprint matches:


If the fingerprint DOES match, then you may proceed.


If the fingerprint DOES NOT match, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the file binaryfate.Asc and go back to section 2.1.


2.3. Import signing key


From a terminal, import the signing key:


If this is the first time you have imported the key, the output will look like this:


If you have imported the key previously, the output will look like this:


3. Download and verify hash file


This section will cover downloading the hash file and verifying its authenticity.


3.1. Get hash file


On windows or mac, go to the hashes file on getmonero.Org and save the page as hashes.Txt to your home directory.


On linux, you can download the signed hashes file by issuing the following command:


3.2. Verify hash file


The hash file is signed with key 81AC 591F E9C4 B65C 5806 AFC3 F0AF 4D46 2A0B DF92 , as reflected in the output below.


On all operating systems, verify the signature of the hash file by issuing the following command in a terminal:


If the file is authentic, the output will look like this:


If your output shows good signature, as in the example, then you may proceed.


If you see BAD signature in the output, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the file hashes.Txt and go back to section 3.1.


4. Download and verify binary


This section will cover downloading the monero binary for your operating system, getting the SHA256 hash of your download, and verifying that it is correct.


4.1. Get monero binary


On windows or mac, go to getmonero.Org and download the correct file for your operating system. Save the file to your home directory. Do not extract the files yet.


On linux, you can download the command line tools by issuing the following command:


4.2. Binary verification on linux or mac


The steps for both linux and mac are the same. From a terminal, get the SHA256 hash of your downloaded monero binary. As an example this guide will use the linux, 64bit GUI binary. Substitute monero-gui-linux-x64-v0.15.0.1.Tar.Bz2 with the name of the binary that you downloaded in section 4.1.


The output will look like this, but will be different for each binary file. Your SHA256 hash should match the one listed in the hashes.Txt file for your binary file.


If your hash DOES match, then you are finished with the guide! You can extract the files and install.


If your hash DOES NOT match, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the binary you downloaded and go back to section 4.1.


4.3. Binary verification on windows


From a terminal, get the SHA256 hash of your downloaded monero binary. As an example this guide will use the windows, 64bit GUI binary. Substitute monero-gui-win-x64-v0.15.0.1.Zip with the name of the binary that you downloaded in section 4.1.


The output will look like this, but will be different for each binary file. Your SHA256 hash should match the one listed in the hashes.Txt file for your binary file.


If your hash DOES match, then you are finished with the guide! You can extract the files and install.


If your hash DOES NOT match, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the binary you downloaded and go back to section 4.1.



Binary to gray code converter


Binary To Gray Code Converter


In binary to gray code converter, we should follow the following steps.


Step 1: the MSB of the gray code is the same as the MSB of the binary number. So write down MSB as it is.


Step 2: to obtain the next gray digit, perform an exclusive-OR-operation between the previous and current binary bit. Write down the result. The exclusive-OR-operation is as follows.


xor gate truth table


Examples for binary to gray code converter:


Step 3: repeat step 2 until all binary bits have been exclusive-ored with their previous ones.



  1. 1010 from binary to gray code.



To convert a number from binary to gray code we should follow the following steps.


Step 1: the MSB of the gray code is the same as the MSB of the binary number. So write down MSB as it is.


Step 2: to obtain the next gray digit, perform an exclusive-OR-operation between the previous and current binary bit. Write down the result. The exclusive-OR-operation is as follows.


xor gate truth table


Step 3: repeat step 2 until all binary bits have been exclusive-ored with their previous ones.


binary to gray code conversion code for 1010


Hence gray code for 1010 = 1111.


2.Convert 1001 from binary to gray code.


To convert a number from binary to gray code we should follow the following steps.


Step 1: the MSB of the gray code is the same as the MSB of the binary number. So write down MSB as it is.


Step 2: to obtain the next gray digit, perform an exclusive-OR-operation between the previous and current binary bit. Write down the result. The exclusive-OR-operation is as follows.


xor gate truth table


Step 3: repeat step 2 until all binary bits have been exclusive-ored with their previous ones.


binary to gray code conversion code for 1001


Hence gray code of 1001 = 1101.



  1. Convert 1111 from binary to gray code.



To convert a number from binary to gray code we should follow the following steps.


Step 1: the MSB of the gray code is the same as the MSB of the binary number. So write down MSB as it is.


Step 2: to obtain the next gray digit, perform an exclusive-OR-operation between the previous and current binary bit. Write down the result. The exclusive-OR-operation is as follows.


xor gate truth table


Step 3: repeat step 2 until all binary bits have been exclusive-ored with their previous ones.


binary to gray code conversion code for 1111


In the next post, we will discuss the gray to binary code converter.



Verify binaries on windows (beginner)


Verification of the monero binary files should be done prior to extracting, installing, or using the monero software. This is the only way to ensure that you are using the official monero binary. If you receive a fake binary (eg. Phishing, MITM, etc.), following this guide will protect you from being tricked into using it.


To protect the integrity of the binaries the monero team provides a cryptographically signed list of all the SHA256 hashes. If your downloaded binary has been tampered with it will be produce a different hash than the one in the file.


This is a beginners guide for the windows operating system and will make use of guis almost exclusively. It will walk you through the process of installing the required software, importing the signing key, downloading the necessary files, and finally verifying that your binary is authentic.


Table of contents


1. Gpg4win installer


2. Import signing key


3. Verify hash file


4. Verify binary file


1. Using gpg4win installer


This section will cover installing the cryptography software. Windows does not come with the tools required to verify your binary. To install these tools you can use the gpg4win installer.


1.1. Getting gpg4win installer


1.1.1. Download gpg4win


In a web browser, go to gpg4win.Org and download the installer by clicking the green button.


You will be taken to a donation page. If you do not wish to donate select $0 , then you will be able to click download .


Choose a download location, click save .


1.1.2. Launch gpg4win


When the download is finished, open the containing folder.


Double click the downloaded gpg4win executable to launch.


1.2. Use gpg4win installer


You will be presented with a security verification screen, click run .


Select your language, click OK .


A welcome screen will appear, click next .


Now you will see the component selection screen, you must at least leave kleopatra checked for this guide. Make your selections, click next .


It is best to leave the default installation location unless you know what you are doing. Make your selections, click install .


Installation has completed, click next .


2. Monero signing key


This section will cover downloading the monero signing key, verifying that the key is correct, and then importing the key to your keyring. The hash file that will be used to verify your binary is cryptographically signed with the monero signing key. In order to check the validity of this file you must have the public version of the signing key.


2.1. Download signing key


In a web browser, go to binaryfate's GPG key, which he uses for signing the monero binaries. Right click on the page, choose save page as .


Leave the default location, click save .


2.2. Initialize kleopatra


If this is your first time using kleopatra you will have to create a key pair for yourself.


2.2.1. Import signing key


Enter the directory downloads , select binaryfate , and click open .


Start the process of certifying the key by clicking yes .


2.2.2. Create key pair


Start the process of key creation by clicking yes .


Fill in some details for name and email , click next .


Verify details, click create .


2.3. Verify signing key


Visually check that the fingerprint of the key belonging to binaryfate is 81AC591FE9C4B65C5806AFC3F0AF4D462A0BDF92 .


If the fingerprint DOES match, click certify .


If the fingerprint of this key DOES NOT match, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the file binaryfate from the downloads directory and go back to section 2.1.


Enter your password, click OK .


3. Hash file verification


This section will cover downloading the signed file of known good hashes and verifying its authenticity.


3.1. Download hash file


In a web browser, go to the getmonero.Org hash page. Right click the page, select save page as .


Leave the default location, click save .


3.2. Verify hash file


In kleopatra, click the decrypt/verify button.


Navigate to downloads directory. Select hashes file, click open .


Kleopatra will inform you if the files signature is valid.


If the signature is VALID you will see this:


If the signature is INVALID you will see this:


If you receive a VALID signature, click discard and move on.


If you receive an INVALID signature, DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the file hashes from the downloads directory and go back to section 3.1.


4. Binary file verification


This section will cover downloading the monero binary and verifying its authenticity.


4.1. Download binary


In a web browser, go to the getmonero.Org downloads page. Select the correct binary for your system.


Leave save file selected, click OK .


Leave the default location, click save .


4.2. Verify binary


In a file manager, navigate to downloads directory. Open the file hashes with a word processor.


Change to the downloads directory with the command: cd downloads .


Calculate the hash of the monero binary with the command: certutil -hashfile monero-gui-win-x64-v0.16.0.2.Zip SHA256 (if you downloaded a command-line only version, replace monero-gui-win-x64-v0.16.0.2.Zip accordingly).


Compare the hash from the terminal with the one in the hash file. They should be the same (spaces can be ignored).


If your hash DOES match then you are finished with verification! You can be sure the monero files you have are authentic. You may extract and install/use the files normally.


If your hash DOES NOT match DO NOT CONTINUE. Instead delete the monero binary from the downloads directory and go back to section 4.1.



Binary verification tool software


Abicheck is a tool for checking an application'scompliance with a library's defined application binary interface(ABI). It relies on ABI definition information contained in thelibrary. Example definitions are given for GNOME and. .



  • File name: abicheck-1.2.Tar.Gz

  • Author: abicheck



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size: 53 kb



  • Runs on: BSD; solaris; linux


Credit card processing verification tool - instantly check any credit card number to verify its legitimacy. A must-have for anyone taking orders over the phone or international orders.



  • File name: credit-card-verify-tool.Exe

  • Author: accept by phone, inc



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size: 373 kb



  • Runs on: windows


Email verifier is a web based email verification tool for email address verification services at affordable prices. Our email verifier service will help you clean your mailing list by validating each email you upload and verify email.



  • File name: email_verifierapp.Zip

  • Author: email verifier for mac



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size: 360 kb



  • Runs on: mac other, mac OS X


Codehealer is an efficient, powerful and easy to use program source code analysis and verification tool that will help find and fix a significant number of programming bugs, mistakes and inconsistencies in delphi programs before their release.



  • File name: codehealer21.Zip

  • Author: SOCK software



  • License: commercial ($299.00)

  • File size: 5.35 mb



  • Runs on: windows


Fast file checksum generation & verification tool. Supports MD2,MD4,MD5, SHA-1,SHA-2, RIPEMD-160,PANAMA,TIGER, CRC-32,ADLER32 algorithms and the hash used in emule/edonkey(ed2k). Compatible with md5sum,easy MD5 creator,SFV checker/verifier,win CRC32.



  • File name: fsum.Zip

  • Author: slavasoft inc.



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size: 80 kb



  • Runs on: windows


Cheree, a kind of powerful email extractor, is used to search email addresses from search engine, web directory or directly from urls, based on keywords, as well as output and restore it. Cheree provides a verification tool for email addresses,. .



  • File name: cheree.Zip

  • Author: bainsoft



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size:



  • Runs on: windows 2K, XP, vista, 7


A high-level electronic system level design and verification tool. Systemc is the language of choice used in system modelling. Highly pluggable design allows community supported systemc model integration and a powerful GUI based design mechanism.



  • File name: basilisk soc designer

  • Author: shankar giri



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size:



  • Runs on: windows


Checkfence is a SAT-based formal verification tool that analyzes C code implementing concurrent data types on multiprocessors (concurrent queues, sets etc.) with respect to a selected memory model.



  • File name: checkfence

  • Author: sebastian burckhardt



  • License: freeware (free)

  • File size:



  • Runs on: windows


Cluster diagnostics and verification tool (clusdiag) is a graphical tool cluster diagnostics and verification tool (clusdiag) is a graphical tool that performs basic verification and configuration analysis checks on a pre-production server cluster and creates log files to help system administrators identify configuration issues prior to deployment in a production environment. Clusdiag can capture all relevant log files and event logs from each node of a server cluster and merge them into a single file for easy .



  • File name: clusdiag.Msi

  • Author: microsoft



  • License: shareware ($)

  • File size: 2.46 mb



  • Runs on: winxp, win2003, win2000, win vista, windows 7, windows 7 x64


Email validation tool verifies and cleans up your mailing list by checking every e-mail address in the mailing list and determining whether e-mails are still valid. It is easy to use, powerful and reliable utility and first email verifier to verify. .



  • File name: emailvalidationtool.Exe

  • Author: troyeesoft.Com



  • License: shareware ($49.95)

  • File size: 1.42 mb



  • Runs on: win95, win98, winme, winnt 4.X, windows2000, winxp, windows2003, vista, 7


Download file hash verification tool download hash verifier is the FREE tool to verify the integrity of your downloaded file. It makes file hash verification easier and quicker with its smart features such as 'auto hash detection', 'drag & drop file', 'instant copy from clipboard' etchash verification is a standard mechanism used to verify that downloaded file is original and not tempered.



  • File name: download hash verifier

  • Author: securityxploded



  • License: shareware ($)

  • File size: 3.01 mb



  • Runs on: winxp, win vista, windows 7, windows XP X64,windows vista, windows 7 x64, windows 8


Advanced and powerfull tool for extracting email, phone and fax, page title, page URL from website, popular search engines (google, altavista, excite, yahoo, infoseek etc.) using keywords for targeted consumer, internet marketing, website promotion,. .



Оdessa astronomical publications


M. Yu. Vasylenko
main astronomical observatory of the national academy of sciences of ukraine; institute of physics of the national academy of sciences of ukraine
україна


D. V. Dobrycheva
main astronomical observatory of the national academy of sciences of ukraine; bogolyubov institute for theoretical physics of the national academy of sciences of ukraine
україна


I. B. Vavilova
main astronomical observatory of the national academy of sciences of ukraine
україна


O. V. Melnyk
main astronomical observatory of the national academy of sciences of ukraine
україна


A. A. Elyiv
main astronomical observatory of the national academy of sciences of ukraine
україна



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VERIFICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING METHODS FOR BINARY MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF GALAXIES FROM SDSS


Анотація


We present a study on the verifica-
tion of machine learning methods to be applied for
binary morphological classification of galaxies. With
this aim we used the sample of 60561 galaxies from the
SDSSDR9 survey with a redshift of 0 . 02 < z < 0 . 06 and
absolute magnitudes of − 24 m < M r < − 19 . 4 m . We
applied the following classification methods using own
code in python to predict correctly the morphology of
late and early galaxies: naive bayes, random forest,
support vector machines, logistic regression, and k-
nearest neighbor algorithm. To study the classifier, we
used absolute magnitudes M u ,M g ,M r ,M i ,M z , color
indices M u − M r ,M g − M i ,M u − M g ,M r − M z , and
inverse concentration index to the center R50/R90.
We compared these new results with previous one
made with the KNIME analytics platform 3.5.3. It
turned out that random forest and support vector
machine classifiers provide a highest accuracy, as
in the previous study, but with help our code in
python we increased an accuracy from 92.9 % of
correctly classified (96% – E and 84% – L ) to 94,6%
(96,9% – E and 89,7 % – L ). The accuracy of the
remaining methods also grew by 88% to 93%. So,
using these classifiers and the data on color indices,
absolute magnitudes, inverse concentration index of
galaxies with visual morphological types, we were able
to classify 60561 galaxies from the SDSSDR9 with
unknown morphological types and found 22301 E and
38260 L types among them.


Ключові слова


Повний текст:


Посилання


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Copyright (c) 2019 odessa astronomical publications



A formal verification of rust's binary search implementation


Jul 22, 2016 • sebastian ullrich


This post is about my ongoing master’s thesis under jeremy avigad at carnegie mellon university, in which I’m trying to tackle formal verification of rust programs in the interactive theorem prover lean, and a first result of the project: a complete verification of the rust stdlib’s binary search function.



Putting the ‘formal’ into ‘formaldehyde’


Formal verification is the act of mathematically reasoning about a program’s behavior. While there have been gargantuan verification projects like a verified C compiler or a verified microkernel in the recent past, it is still mostly a research topic and is rarely being applied to programs that have not explicitly been written for verification.


Part of the reason for this is that it’s quite complicated to apply mathematical tools to something unmathematical like a functionally unpure language (which, unfortunately, most programs tend to be written in). In mathematics, you don’t expect a variable to suddenly change its value, and it only gets more complicated when you have pointers to those dang things:


“dealing with aliasing is one of the key challenges for the verification of imperative programs. For instance, aliases make it difficult to determine which abstractions are potentially affected by a heap update and to determine which locks need to be acquired to avoid data races.” 1


While there are whole logics focused on trying to tackle these problems, a master’s thesis wouldn’t be nearly enough time to model a formal rust semantics on top of these, so I opted for a more straightforward solution: simply make rust a purely functional language!


Electrolysis: simple verification of rust programs via functional purification


If you know a bit about rust, you may have noticed something about that quote in the previous section: there actually are no data races in (safe) rust, precisely because there is no mutable aliasing. Either all references to some datum are immutable, or there is a single mutable reference. This means that mutability in rust is much more localized than in most other imperative languages, and that it is sound to replace a destructive update like


With a functional one – we know there’s no one else around observing p:


Likewise, we can turn a mutable borrow like


Into copying (or moving) the value, and copying it back when the borrow ends:


Just these rules are sufficient to make a big part of rust programs functionally pure. There are obvious (borrowing a field) and non-obvious (returning a mutable reference) extensions to this basic idea, which I may discuss in a future post about what parts of rust my project currently supports, what it may support in the future, and what it will never support.


I’m certainly not the first one to point out this semantics-preserving transformation – see for example this slide by alan jeffrey from his talk at LOLA2016. But what I have used this realization for is to implement a tool that transpiles (a subset of) safe rust into lean, a purely functional language, in order to verify rust programs with the same tools as ordinary definitions in lean itself. This is what I call ‘functional purification’, and may excuse me reusing the name of an unrelated firefox project. After all, electrolysis is a chemical process that can be used for the purification of iron oxide (i.E., rust).


Verifying the correctness of std::slice::binary_search


So much for the theory for now, what does this look like in practice? For a first test, I decided to verify rust’s binary search function. It may not be the most interesting algorithm, but rust’s implementation is quite unique in that instead of using two simple indices like everyone else, it uses high-level slice operations that let it circumvent bounds checking without resorting to unsafe code. For my project, high-level means a dozen (indirect) dependencies and some advanced language constructs like traits, closures and pattern matching, which turned out to be a nice test case for the tool.


After about two weeks of working on the proof (on second thought, don’t look at that) and tweaking the transpiler in parallel, I managed to prove the following theorem:


Hey, don’t run away just yet! Let me step you through it: this theorem says that given



  • Any type T

    • That implements some mysterious type class ord' ,



  • Any slice self

    • That is sorted according to ord'



  • And object needle of type T ,



Calling (the lean translation of) binary_search



  • Terminates normally (in contrast to abnormally, i.E. Panics, or not at all) with a value some res

  • Such that binary_search_res res is true (that’s what the option.Any is for).



The binary_search_res predicate is a 1:1 translation of binary_search ’s doc comment:


As an aside, if you look at (fully automated) verifications of binary search in other languages, you will find that these often concentrate on the first case, even though not_found is actually the more complex one, and only on the special case of integer arrays at that. This is where, in my view, interactive theorem provers really shine, by being able to use high-level abstractions like sorted or insert_at in specifications for arbitrary user-defined orders.


Which brings me to the last part, the ord' type class, which combines the rust ord trait (that gets translated to a lean type class) and the lean decidable_linear_order type class, meaning implementations of the rust trait must also fulfill the axioms of a linear order. Rust and lean definitions, working together in harmony!


To conclude, given that the repo contains a machine-checked proof of this theorem, I hope you trust my assertion that binary_search is, indeed, correct! Well, by trusting me, you’re more specifically trusting all of these parts:



  • The rust compiler, whose internal API my tool uses (mostly its excellent mid-level IR)

  • Lean itself

  • My transpiler

  • My prelude of language primitives

    • Also contains manual translations of functions like mem::swap the transpiler doesn’t like because they use unsafe code

      • There’s also one slyly hiding in the config file







So yes, the project does involve some non-negligible trust base. Still, I would argue that an error in any of these components is far more likely to prevent you from proving something that holds than to enable you to prove something that doesn’t hold.


The most likely kind of translation bugs may be not in the basic rust semantics, but in representing side effects. Indeed, if you look at the prelude, you may notice that currently there's no modelling of overflows -- all integer types are unbounded on the lean side. I'm still torn on this design issue, but tend to think that overflow checking is a poor fit for the kind of algorithmic verification proofs I'm striving for. It can generate very unintuitive preconditions ('you can't call `len()` on this recursive data structure for more than 2^64 elements') that may never be dispensed with because they depend on the program's input. In any case, overflow checking is not very interesting for the implementation at hand because every integer in there is trivially bounded by `self.Len()`.
Update: now using actual fixed-size integer arithmetics



Reading ‘rust’ and ‘verification’ in the title, you may first have thought of the rustbelt project at MPI-SWS and wondered how the two projects relate to each other. As far as I know, the cornerstone of rustbelt will be a full formalized semantics of rust – exactly what I’m trying to avoid to do –, on top of which they will be able to reason about abritrary unsafe rust code – something that is an explicit non-goal of my project. Thus I feel like the two projects should complement each other quite nicely. At some point, you may even be able to use the rustbelt formalization to prove electrolysis’s purification correct.


(speculating about) future work


I haven’t decided yet what to prove next, which is the real reason I started writing this post: to get suggestions from the rust community about code in or outside of std that may be interesting to verify, without using too many dependencies or crazy unsafe tricks. For example, a first candidate may be sort , but that one uses loads of unsafe code and the algorithm isn’t even that interesting compared to implementations in other standard libraries. Binary_search proved to be much more well-behaved in this regard.


Instead of avoiding code that does impure unsafe things, another approach would be to extend the transpiler so that it supports at least some well-behaved examples of impurity. Pointers aren’t that bad, for example, as long as their use is localized to a single function. More generally, you may know that haskell uses monads to tame both local ( ST ) and global ( IO ) impurity. Well, I’m already using the option monad to model non-termination. Replacing this monad with different ones (or whole monad stacks) may enable the transpiler to express more effects or other kinds of behavior like nondeterminism.


As a first simple example of this, I experimented with hiding a step counter inside the monad to derive a bound on binary_search ’s time complexity – which turned out to be slightly more complex if you don’t assume that comparisons will be constant-time and you don’t have a model of big O notation for multiparametric functions. But let me postpone discussing that to a potential future blog post instead of making this one even longer. Last time I checked, my university wasn’t quite ready to accept theses in blog form yet.


Discussions


Dietl, W., & müller, P. (2013). Object ownership in program verification. In aliasing in object-oriented programming. Types, analysis and verification (pp. 289-318). Springer berlin heidelberg. ↩



Fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock


custom binary recovery boot blocked by frp lock


Fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock samsung. When we switch on our android phone and see “custom binary blocked by FRP lock” in red color at the top right of the screen. We would get confused and be uninformed about it. This type of error typically seems on the black screen when you flash a ROM software or root our device. But in the new devices, it will appease on the green screen.


All custom binary blocked issues.



  • Boot – custom binary ( boot ) blocked by FRP lock

  • Recovery – custom binary ( recovery ) blocked by FRP lock

  • Secure boot – custom binary blocked by secure boot recovery IMG

  • Installment balance – custom binary boot blocked due to remaining installment balance

  • All binaries are not allowed to be flashed due to kg locked

  • The kernel is not seandroid enforcing custom binary blocked by fap lock

  • Recovery is not seandroid enforcing

  • Could not do normal boot invalid kernel length


Custom binary ( boot ) blocked by FRP lock


It’s necessary to bypass/remove this type of FRP lock to acres your phone and use it smoothly. Given below are ways to overcome or fix the custom binary block error. Which might be adapted to bypass/remove it. Also, read on to find out a lot of regarding this type of error message and causes for its occurrence.

Fix custom binary ( boot ) blocked by FRP lock

can fix custom binary boot blocked by frp lock


Can fix custom binary boot blocked by FRP lock?

Recovery – custom binary ( recovery ) blocked by FRP lock


Some time FRP lock shows the previously signed in google ID and password that must be signed in again to activate the android phone after we have reset your phone.


The google account is going to be asked for once we have a try to begin setting up your phone again. We are able to see this type of error if we’ve got changed the stock firmware.


custom binary recovery blocked by FRP Lock


Custom binary ( recovery ) blocked by FRP lock


Secure boot – custom binary blocked by secure boot recovery img


Custom binary blocked by secure boot recovery IMG may be a lot of talk about the issue and therefore, here are ways to bypass/remove this type of disorder. For the convenience of readers.


We’ve got signed to a samsung smartphone and every one technique listed below is helpful in solving the problem.


Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.
Custom binary blocked by secure boot recovery img


Custom binary boot blocked due to remaining installment balance


Some time we may face custom binary boot blocked due to remaining installment balance. This also an issue in samsung mobile phone.


Verify binaries on Linux, Mac, or Windows command line (advanced), binary.com verification.
Custom binary boot blocked due to remaining installment balance


All binaries are not allowed to be flashed due to kg locked


This kind of protecting security in android phones doesn’t let unauthorized software tampering and factory data reset without the original user permission. Hence, this type of problem typically happens after we have rooted our phone to flash new ROM/firmware or modification other internal settings on your phone.


all binaries are not allowed to be flashed due to kg locked


All binaries are not allowed to be flashed due to kg locked


FRP bypass tools to remove google account verification (recommended).


1 method: what’s “custom binary block by FRP lock” error?
2 method: the way to remove “custom binary blocked by FRP”
3 method: what’s “custom binary block by FRP lock” error?


What’s “custom binary block by FRP lock” error?


FRP stands for factory reset protection and, higher known as binary custom block by FRP lock, and maybe a comparatively new security feature seen for the first time in android 5.1.


The FRP lock error message can continue to show on the screen no matter how many times we tend to restart your device.


Follow the directions given following section to bypass/remove binary custom block by FRP lock error in easy and effective steps.


Fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock



  • Restarting your samsung mobile forcefully is simple and doesn’t take a lot of your time. It fixes temporary software errors and stops all background operations running within the background. All we want to try and do is:

  • Press the power on/off button and volume down button at the same time for 5-7 seconds as shown below.

  • Wait for 2 minutes for the phone to reboot and start again.

  • See that the custom binary block error message doesn’t pop-up this kind of your time.

  • However, if the matter persists even now, consider the following step.

  • In case the odin failed to flash samsung device or show you an error like please get the approval to use the factory binary (pit). You can also fix it. You need to select an extra setting on odin and then tick on nand flash. It will fix the error temporarily.


Factory reset in recovery mode



  • Another helpful way to bypass/remove the FRP lock error. It is to perform a factory reset on your phone. This type of will is enforced by booting into the recovery mode. To do so:

  • Long press the power on/off, home and volume up button along and was for a screen with multiple choices appear before you.

  • Now use the degree down key to scroll down and choose “wipe data/factory reset” using the ability on/off button as shown within the screenshot below.

  • Wait with patience for the method to get over and for your phone to restart normally.

  • Note: we are going to lose all of your data and settings stored within the phone once performing a factory/ hard reset. Be ready to set-up your phone from scratch once the method is over.


Flash stock firmware with odin


Flash Stock firmware with Odin



  • If the ways explained above don’t remove/bypass the binary custom block error. And your phone refuses as well normally, there’s only 1 factor left to try and do, i.E. Flashing the stock firmware on your phone once more.

  • This kind of appears like a tedious task however it solves the matter nine out of ten times. It positively values a strive. Carefully follow the instructions given below to flash stock firmware on your samsung phone. Don’t skip any of the steps.

  • Firstly, we are going to download the newest version of odin. We are able to have a go at it from pangu.In.

  • Next, download the stock firmware for your device by getting into the proper model number, country name, and different details from combinationfirmwrae.Com.

  • Now, enter download mode samsung phone by pressing the down, home, and on/off button along for about 3-4 seconds. Once the download mode screen ( download logo) appears, press the volume up button to continue.

  • Now launch odin on your computer. Right-click and choose “run as administrator”.

  • We can now see that odin window will open before you.

  • In this quite step, use an inspired samsung USB cable to attach your phone to the computer.

  • Immediately, we are going to notice that odin will recognize your phone. Add it to its main window on the computer.

  • Now click on “AP”, “CP”, “CSC” and choose their individual file from the firmware. We have a tendency to downloaded previously.

  • Once all file sorts are side, click on the “start” button to start flashing.

  • When the flashing method is over, the odin window can show the “pass” message and your phone will begin to START in normal condition.


FAQ – custom binary blocked by FRP lock


No, it is not possible to fix custom binary blocked by FRP lock without computer because it requires a samsung odin.


We can fix custom binary ( boot ) blocked by FRP lock while installing firmware file. His issue occurs when you install samsung with custom ROM.


After flash recovery image you may see custom binary recovery blocked by FRP lock that is mean you have brick the system recovery you need to install recovery again.


This is a samsung security for those customers who purchase samsung mobile on installment. They have to face custom binary blocked due to remaining installment payment?


You can fix custom binary blocked by cc mode samsung S8 or j5 by flash stock firmware. This situation occurs when you root your device. This will work on S6 s7 edge j5 S8 S9 j7 prime and note 9


You can remove custom binary blocked by FRP lock j7 prime and j7 pro but above steps. This will work on s7 edge j5 S8 S9 j7 prime and note 9 you may also face all binaries that are not allowed to be flashed due to kg locked.


Yes, it is possible to turn off FRP lock on samsung note 9 S8 S9 or S7 edge after removing google account from the device. Go to settings and then account settings and delete all gmail account from samsung note 8. It will turn off FRP lock on samsung device.


In case you see custom binary blocked by secure boot recovery img in this case use samsung four files to install samsung firmware.


How to fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock youtube


In this video we have successfully fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock.



Conclusion:


So, the ways given above are amongst the simplest fixes to bypass/remove the binary custom blocked by FRP lock error message. Since FRP may be a protecting feature and prevents unnecessary resetting and meddling with the device’s software system,


It’s not very simple to upset however the techniques explained during this quite article build the task easy and simple.


These solutions are tried and tested by several users and therefore, we have a tendency to recommend them to the U.S. To bypass/remove the FRP lock error.


Please don’t hesitate and make sure we have a tendency to try these steps to induce rid of binary custom blocked by FRP lock error message.



After update touchscreen not working


After update touchscreen not working


the phone is not running samsung


The phone is not running samsung’s official software


April 19, 2020 october 28, 2020


how can I download samsung odin


How to use samsung odin download – complete guide


August 14, 2019 october 28, 2020


About mohd azam


My name is mohd azam i have complete M. COM. From IGNOU in 2012 with first division. I have developed many android applications and i am also founder of samsungcombination.Com. This website is related for technology news, reviews, android update, upcoming features, i and my team always work for the latest news and technology. We have great news about iphone, samsung , xiaomi mi, OPPO, VIVO, realme, asus, HTC, LG, motorola, gionee, oneplus, sony xperia, nokia, huawei honor and many more. In starting i was lover of technology till now i am doing same thing. But now technology is updating very fast. So we are also working with full considerations.


3 comments on “fixed custom binary blocked by FRP lock”


I need latest odin link please help me. I am not sure where to download



A formal verification of rust's binary search implementation


Jul 22, 2016 • sebastian ullrich


This post is about my ongoing master’s thesis under jeremy avigad at carnegie mellon university, in which I’m trying to tackle formal verification of rust programs in the interactive theorem prover lean, and a first result of the project: a complete verification of the rust stdlib’s binary search function.



Putting the ‘formal’ into ‘formaldehyde’


Formal verification is the act of mathematically reasoning about a program’s behavior. While there have been gargantuan verification projects like a verified C compiler or a verified microkernel in the recent past, it is still mostly a research topic and is rarely being applied to programs that have not explicitly been written for verification.


Part of the reason for this is that it’s quite complicated to apply mathematical tools to something unmathematical like a functionally unpure language (which, unfortunately, most programs tend to be written in). In mathematics, you don’t expect a variable to suddenly change its value, and it only gets more complicated when you have pointers to those dang things:


“dealing with aliasing is one of the key challenges for the verification of imperative programs. For instance, aliases make it difficult to determine which abstractions are potentially affected by a heap update and to determine which locks need to be acquired to avoid data races.” 1


While there are whole logics focused on trying to tackle these problems, a master’s thesis wouldn’t be nearly enough time to model a formal rust semantics on top of these, so I opted for a more straightforward solution: simply make rust a purely functional language!


Electrolysis: simple verification of rust programs via functional purification


If you know a bit about rust, you may have noticed something about that quote in the previous section: there actually are no data races in (safe) rust, precisely because there is no mutable aliasing. Either all references to some datum are immutable, or there is a single mutable reference. This means that mutability in rust is much more localized than in most other imperative languages, and that it is sound to replace a destructive update like


With a functional one – we know there’s no one else around observing p:


Likewise, we can turn a mutable borrow like


Into copying (or moving) the value, and copying it back when the borrow ends:


Just these rules are sufficient to make a big part of rust programs functionally pure. There are obvious (borrowing a field) and non-obvious (returning a mutable reference) extensions to this basic idea, which I may discuss in a future post about what parts of rust my project currently supports, what it may support in the future, and what it will never support.


I’m certainly not the first one to point out this semantics-preserving transformation – see for example this slide by alan jeffrey from his talk at LOLA2016. But what I have used this realization for is to implement a tool that transpiles (a subset of) safe rust into lean, a purely functional language, in order to verify rust programs with the same tools as ordinary definitions in lean itself. This is what I call ‘functional purification’, and may excuse me reusing the name of an unrelated firefox project. After all, electrolysis is a chemical process that can be used for the purification of iron oxide (i.E., rust).


Verifying the correctness of std::slice::binary_search


So much for the theory for now, what does this look like in practice? For a first test, I decided to verify rust’s binary search function. It may not be the most interesting algorithm, but rust’s implementation is quite unique in that instead of using two simple indices like everyone else, it uses high-level slice operations that let it circumvent bounds checking without resorting to unsafe code. For my project, high-level means a dozen (indirect) dependencies and some advanced language constructs like traits, closures and pattern matching, which turned out to be a nice test case for the tool.


After about two weeks of working on the proof (on second thought, don’t look at that) and tweaking the transpiler in parallel, I managed to prove the following theorem:


Hey, don’t run away just yet! Let me step you through it: this theorem says that given



  • Any type T

    • That implements some mysterious type class ord' ,



  • Any slice self

    • That is sorted according to ord'



  • And object needle of type T ,



Calling (the lean translation of) binary_search



  • Terminates normally (in contrast to abnormally, i.E. Panics, or not at all) with a value some res

  • Such that binary_search_res res is true (that’s what the option.Any is for).



The binary_search_res predicate is a 1:1 translation of binary_search ’s doc comment:


As an aside, if you look at (fully automated) verifications of binary search in other languages, you will find that these often concentrate on the first case, even though not_found is actually the more complex one, and only on the special case of integer arrays at that. This is where, in my view, interactive theorem provers really shine, by being able to use high-level abstractions like sorted or insert_at in specifications for arbitrary user-defined orders.


Which brings me to the last part, the ord' type class, which combines the rust ord trait (that gets translated to a lean type class) and the lean decidable_linear_order type class, meaning implementations of the rust trait must also fulfill the axioms of a linear order. Rust and lean definitions, working together in harmony!


To conclude, given that the repo contains a machine-checked proof of this theorem, I hope you trust my assertion that binary_search is, indeed, correct! Well, by trusting me, you’re more specifically trusting all of these parts:



  • The rust compiler, whose internal API my tool uses (mostly its excellent mid-level IR)

  • Lean itself

  • My transpiler

  • My prelude of language primitives

    • Also contains manual translations of functions like mem::swap the transpiler doesn’t like because they use unsafe code

      • There’s also one slyly hiding in the config file







So yes, the project does involve some non-negligible trust base. Still, I would argue that an error in any of these components is far more likely to prevent you from proving something that holds than to enable you to prove something that doesn’t hold.


The most likely kind of translation bugs may be not in the basic rust semantics, but in representing side effects. Indeed, if you look at the prelude, you may notice that currently there's no modelling of overflows -- all integer types are unbounded on the lean side. I'm still torn on this design issue, but tend to think that overflow checking is a poor fit for the kind of algorithmic verification proofs I'm striving for. It can generate very unintuitive preconditions ('you can't call `len()` on this recursive data structure for more than 2^64 elements') that may never be dispensed with because they depend on the program's input. In any case, overflow checking is not very interesting for the implementation at hand because every integer in there is trivially bounded by `self.Len()`.
Update: now using actual fixed-size integer arithmetics



Reading ‘rust’ and ‘verification’ in the title, you may first have thought of the rustbelt project at MPI-SWS and wondered how the two projects relate to each other. As far as I know, the cornerstone of rustbelt will be a full formalized semantics of rust – exactly what I’m trying to avoid to do –, on top of which they will be able to reason about abritrary unsafe rust code – something that is an explicit non-goal of my project. Thus I feel like the two projects should complement each other quite nicely. At some point, you may even be able to use the rustbelt formalization to prove electrolysis’s purification correct.


(speculating about) future work


I haven’t decided yet what to prove next, which is the real reason I started writing this post: to get suggestions from the rust community about code in or outside of std that may be interesting to verify, without using too many dependencies or crazy unsafe tricks. For example, a first candidate may be sort , but that one uses loads of unsafe code and the algorithm isn’t even that interesting compared to implementations in other standard libraries. Binary_search proved to be much more well-behaved in this regard.


Instead of avoiding code that does impure unsafe things, another approach would be to extend the transpiler so that it supports at least some well-behaved examples of impurity. Pointers aren’t that bad, for example, as long as their use is localized to a single function. More generally, you may know that haskell uses monads to tame both local ( ST ) and global ( IO ) impurity. Well, I’m already using the option monad to model non-termination. Replacing this monad with different ones (or whole monad stacks) may enable the transpiler to express more effects or other kinds of behavior like nondeterminism.


As a first simple example of this, I experimented with hiding a step counter inside the monad to derive a bound on binary_search ’s time complexity – which turned out to be slightly more complex if you don’t assume that comparisons will be constant-time and you don’t have a model of big O notation for multiparametric functions. But let me postpone discussing that to a potential future blog post instead of making this one even longer. Last time I checked, my university wasn’t quite ready to accept theses in blog form yet.


Discussions


Dietl, W., & müller, P. (2013). Object ownership in program verification. In aliasing in object-oriented programming. Types, analysis and verification (pp. 289-318). Springer berlin heidelberg. ↩



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So, let's see, what was the most valuable thing of this article: monero, a digital currency that is secure, private, and untraceable at binary.Com verification

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